C-FREE™ Technology

Automation-ready platform that performs cell washing and mixing without centrifugation. 

Built on the same laminar flow principle that underpins our long-standing Laminar Wash™ technology, C-FREE™ carries this proven foundation into broader applications—extending from microscale cell washing to large-scale workflows that demand gentle, consistent handling and simpler automation setups.  

Available as benchtop workstations or software integration.

What Is C-FREE Technology? 

C-FREE™ technology is an automation-ready platform that uses precise fluid control to wash and mix cells and beads without centrifugation. By keeping the velocity at the container bottom near zero, suspended cells and beads remain undisturbed while a robotic pipette gently removes and replaces the supernatant. 

This approach minimizes mechanical stress and variability, enabling researchers to: 

  • Preserve fragile cells in their physiological states for accurate downstream assays. 
  • Reduce workflow variability with standardized, automated handling. 
  • Streamline automation by removing centrifugation from robotic workflows. 

Built on the same principle of fluid control that underpins Laminar Wash™, C-FREE™ extends this proven foundation into broader applications—from plate-based workflows to complex automation-driven processes. 

C-FREE™ powers the entire Pluto product portfolio

Delivering centrifuge-less automation solutions that are easy to use, affordable, and scalable.  

Pluto ALPHA

Compact system for cell washing and media exchange 

Pluto Workstation

Full automation workstation for high-throughput cell sample prep 

Pluto Code

Software integration adding C-FREE™ technology to existing setups 

How C-FREE™ Works 

At the core of C-FREE™ is precise fluid control — a principle that is simple yet powerful. When liquid flows smoothly across the container surface while velocity at the bottom remains close to zero, suspended cells and beads remain in place instead of pelleting. 

A robotic pipette can then remove supernatant and introduce fresh buffer, achieving buffer exchange and mixing in a way centrifugation cannot: 

  • No pelleting or resuspension cycles that stress or damage cells. 
  • No disruptive mechanical forces that compromise viability. 
  • No reliance on flicking or decanting that introduce operator variability.

 

Technical Advantages: 

  • Minimal disturbance – cells remain suspended in their natural state, avoiding stress and loss. 
  • Consistent exchange – automated pipetting ensures reproducibility run after run. 
  • Seamless integration – works directly with modern robotic platforms. 

Key Benefits of Pluto Systems

Simple automation

Setup quickly and integrate into existing protocols with intuitive, SOP‑like interfaces.

Flexible & scalable

From compact benchtop to high‑throughput enterprise workstations, or add C‑FREE™ to your current robot.

Consistent results

Reduce variability and preserve data integrity with traceable, automated runs.

Gentle & equivalent

Achieve equivalent recovery to centrifugation without disruptive forces.

Regulatory‑ready

Designed for labs of any size; 21 CFR Part 11 compliance (coming soon).

Cost‑effective

Affordable alternatives to centrifuge‑based automation.

Why change?

Centrifugation has long been the standard, but it creates bottlenecks: 

  • Cell loss and stress: On average, ~10% per centrifugation/aspiration step (Jin et al., 2021). 
  • C-FREE™ recovery is equivalent to centrifugation — sometimes less, sometimes more — but without pelleting, resuspension, or high variability. 
  • Automation challenges: Centrifuges require costly, specialized equipment and manual handling. 
  • Inconsistency: Results depend heavily on operator skill. 

By contrast, C-FREE™ delivers standardized, reproducible data without centrifuge, enabling labs to scale with confidence. 

Why now?

Today’s research demands reproducibility, speed, and automation. Conventional centrifuge workflows no longer meet these needs. 

C-FREE™ provides: 

  • Practical automation – affordable and modular, from benchtop Pluto Alpha to enterprise Pluto HT. 
  • Confidence in data – equivalent results validated by leading institutions, with R² ≥ 0.99 vs centrifugation. 
  • Ease of adoption – setup feels like writing an SOP, not programming code. 
  • Regulatory readiness – full 21 CFR Part 11 compliance (Oct 2025) ensures audit trails and traceability. 

"Cells are staying retained at the bottom and yet getting washed"

One lesson that we’re still learning in our lab is that cells actually can be retained without a centrifuge. Because I was told by multiple people that if you don’t resuspend those cells as part of your wash, it’s not going to work and somehow the cells, with the right settings in the Pluto, are actually staying retained at the bottom and yet getting washed.

Holden Maecker, PhD
Stanford University

From Laminar Wash™ to C-FREE™ 

For many years, Laminar Wash™ has redefined centrifuge-less workflows, validated in hundreds of peer-reviewed publications. Its success rests on fluid control principles that protect cells while ensuring consistency. 

C-FREE™ is the umbrella platform that now includes: 

  • C-FREE Laminar Wash™ – Proven plate-based washing, widely published and adopted. 
  • C-FREE Pluto Wash™ – Robotic pipette-driven workflows extending centrifuge-less preparation to whole blood, antibody cocktailing, and high-throughput assays. 

Researchers familiar with Laminar Wash™ will recognize the same underlying principle of fluid control, now applied in Pluto Wash™ for more automated and scalable workflows. 

Learn more about C-FREE™ versus Laminar Wash™ here. 

Data Validation

Proven Principles. Verified Performance.

The same laminar flow principles that have powered Laminar Wash™ technology for years now form the foundation of the C-FREE™ Pluto Wash™ platform.  This ensures continuity of performance and validation lineage—translating manual and semi-automated success into fully automated workflows. 

Dot plots from representative donor PBMCs show consistent identification of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD25⁺ T-cell subsets across centrifugation (SOP), Pluto Wash (ALPHA MTP), and Laminar Wash (HT2100). 

Representative dot plots of WB samples (n=4 technical replicates) processed with centrifugation vs Pluto LT show: 

  • Equivalent resolution and population frequencies. 
  • Lower background non-CD45+ events with Pluto LT. 
  • R² ≥ 0.99 equivalence with centrifugation — proving standardized, reproducible data without centrifuge. 
Representative dot plots of one donor WB (technical replicates n=4) processed with conventional centrifuge method or the Pluto LT system are shown. Lower non-CD45+ events in the Pluto LT system-washed samples indicates better wash efficiency compared to the conventional centrifuge method. Population resolution and frequencies are consistent between both methods. Samples were stained with basic immunophenotyping panel (Viability stain eF780, CD45 (HI30) eF506, CD3 (OKT3) SB600, CD4 (OKT4) PerCP-Cy5.5, CD8 (SK1) PE-Dazzle 594, CD19 (HIB19) FITC, CD16+CD56 (B73.1+HCD56) PE, CD11b (ICRF44) BV421, CD11c (Bu15) PE-Cy7) and acquired at a rate of 100 μL/min on an Invitrogen™ Attune™ NxT Flow Cytometer. 

Applications Across Life Sciences 

C-FREE™ supports workflows where gentle, reproducible handling is critical: 

  • Antibody cocktail preparation 
  • Flow cytometry sample preparation 
  • Single-cell genomics 
  • Cell therapy research and manufacturing 
  • High-throughput screening 

By eliminating centrifugation and simplifying automation, Pluto systems adapt seamlessly from discovery research to translational applications. 

Publications

Hundreds of peer-reviewed publications validating Laminar Wash™ and establishing the foundation for C-FREE™ workflows. 

Researcher Perspectives

“The Pluto LT system can significantly streamline our sample preparation workflows. Its automation capabilities could not only improve the accuracy and reproducibility of our flow cytometry data, but also reduce human error during critical steps. As we continue to test across various immune assays, the Pluto system serves to be an essential tool for enhancing efficiency in immune monitoring studies.”

Goodbye centrifuge. Hello Pluto.