Automated Antibody Cocktailing for Flow Cytometry

Multicolor antibody panel preparation demands precise volume transfers across dozens of reagents, leaving room for pipetting errors, reagent waste, and batch-to-batch variability that compromise downstream results. 

The Pluto Workstation automates antibody cocktailing, from protocol generation to liquid handling. Every panel is prepared consistently and every FMO control is accounted for, without the hands-on time manual methods require.

Curiox’s Automated Solution: The Pluto Workstation 

Curiox developed the Pluto Workstation to overcome the challenges of antibody cocktail preparation. Pluto Workstation automates antibody master mix prep by executing a digital protocol based on a user-provided table of antibodies and volumes.  

Advantages 

  • Error-Proof Reagent Handling: Liquid-level detection confirms volumes before pipetting—reducing skipped reagents, dry aspirates, and human error. 
  • Compatible with Commercial Antibody Vials: Seamlessly integrate any major antibody vial into your setup. 
  • Consistent Results: Elimination of technician-to-technician variability improves reproducibility. 
  • Scalable Throughput: Prepares panels ranging from 1 to 96 antibodies per cocktail, supporting low to high-throughput needs. 
  • Reagent Savings: Low dead volume and precision dispensing reduce antibody waste. 
  • Data Integrity: Built-in audit trails, electronic logs, and full traceability support QA/QC and regulatory compliance. 
  • User-Friendly Software: Intuitive interface with quick setup and minimal learning curve. 
  • Full Automation of Cell Prep Workflow: Also automates both cell washing and staining 
Pluto LT Workstation

Built to Remove the Barriers to Automation 

Many scientists hesitate to automate cocktailing—not because they doubt the benefits, but because they expect complexity, cost, or a steep learning curve. Pluto was designed to remove all three barriers: 

  • No Coding Needed
  • Works with Commercial Antibody Vials 
  • Setup in Minutes, Not Hours 
  • Accessible Pricing Starting at $50k 

Why Automate Antibody Cocktailing? 

It’s all too common to stare at your flow cytometry plots and wonder, “Did I actually add that antibody in the right amount?”. This moment of doubt undermines confidence in your results and can force repeat experiments. 

Manually preparing antibody master mixes involves combining reagents in precise ratios to create a final staining mix. This process introduces several risks: 

  • Time-Consuming – Manual pipetting across multiple reagents slows down sample prep workflows. 
  • High Error Risk – Skipped vials, wrong volumes, and cross-contamination are common pipetting errors. 
  • Poor Scalability – Unsuitable for high-parameter panels (e.g., 20+ antibodies) or large sample sets. 
  • Inconsistent Results – Pipetting variability leads to uneven antibody concentrations and staining quality. 
  • No Traceability – Lacks digital logs or audit trails for troubleshooting or compliance. 
  • Reagent Waste – Over-pipetting and tip retention increase costly antibody loss. 
  • Data Reliability Issues – Manual variability compromises reproducibility and assay confidence. 

The Pluto Workstation addresses each of these challenges with standardized, traceable automation—delivering measurable efficiency gains.

How It Works: Hassle-Free, No-Code Automation 

Automating antibody cocktailing with the Pluto Workstation requires no coding and works seamlessly with standard commercial antibody vials. The entire workflow is guided by the Workflow Generator, which transforms your antibody panel into an automation protocol in just a few steps: 

Steps: 

  1. Create or export your antibody panel configuration table in the Ab Prep Wizard.  
  2. Upload to Pluto’s Workflow Generator. 
  3. Execute the run on Pluto Workstation to generate your custom antibody cocktail. 
ACP Setup Infographic

Key Features of the Pluto Workstation for Antibody Cocktail Prep

  • Automated Pipetting: Executes protocols with robotic precision to prepare antibody mixes. 
  • Flexible Vials: Accepts a wide range of vial formats and volumes. 
  • Single-Tube Output: Combines all reagents into a single destination well or tube. 
  • Traceable Workflows: Automatically logs reagent usage, volumes, and sequence. 
  • Liquid-Level Detection: Built-in sensors confirm reagent presence to prevent pipetting errors. 

Manual vs. Automated Antibody Cocktailing: Key Differences 

Manually preparing antibody cocktails is a common but error-prone practice in flow cytometry labs. Automation with the Pluto Workstation offers a standardized, scalable alternative that addresses the limitations of hand pipetting. 

FactorManual PreparationAutomated with Pluto Workstation
Pipetting AccuracyDependent on individual techniqueRobotic; precision-calibrated
ReproducibilityVaries between users and locationsAutomated execution ensures uniformity
Hands-on Time1-2 hours for complex panels*Less than 5 minutes per panel*
Reagent WasteHigh due to tip retention and human errorLow dead volume pipetting conserves reagents
ScalabilityLimited by user capacityScales to 96 antibodies and 96 wells per run
Traceability & LogsManual recordkeepingAutomatic digital logs and audit trail
Cell Viability ImpactCentrifugation introduces mechanical stressNo centrifugation; gentler on fragile cells

*Based on experimental data from the poster “Advancing Flow Cytometry Diagnostics: The Curiox C-FREE Pluto System in Clinical Laboratory Automation”. Click here to download.  

For labs performing high-dimensional flow cytometry, automating cocktail preparation reduces variability, simplifies compliance, and accelerates throughput—especially in regulated or multi-site workflows. 

Use Cases for Automated Cocktailing 

Pluto is ideal for researchers working with: 

  • Spectral Flow Cytometry master mixes 
  • Custom Panel Prototyping and iterative optimization 
  • Multisite Clinical Studies requiring reproducible protocols 
  • PBMC or Whole Blood samples sensitive to centrifugation 

Ready to automate your antibody cocktailing?

Automated antibody cocktailing is available on all Pluto Workstation models. Contact us to request a quote or more information.

Model Throughput Applications
Pluto LT 8–32 wells Assay development / Low-throughput workflows / Academic labs
Pluto MT 24–72 wells Core labs / CROs / Medium-scale studies
Pluto HT 96 wells Large Biopharma / High-throughput automation

FAQ: Antibody Cocktailing Automation 

A reagent mix containing multiple fluorochrome-labeled antibodies used for staining cells in multicolor flow panels. 

Automation ensures precision, reduces error, minimizes reagent waste, and standardizes workflows across users and sites. 

Users upload a CSV file specifying each antibody, its source location, and desired volume. Pluto executes the pipetting steps automatically. No coding knowledge required! 

Yes. Pluto Workstation integrates cocktail prep with staining and C-FREE™ washing—no centrifugation required. 

No. Just fill in a simple spreadsheet. Pluto handles the rest. 

Yes. Pluto Workstation supports all major commercial vial formats. 

For more frequently asked questions, please click here